{"id":62328,"date":"2023-08-21T06:48:15","date_gmt":"2023-08-21T06:48:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alardha.com\/blog\/?p=62328"},"modified":"2025-02-08T23:42:15","modified_gmt":"2025-02-08T20:42:15","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%b1-10-%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alardha.com\/blog\/%d8%a3%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%b1-10-%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%aa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 10 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 10 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627:<\/div>\n

1. \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0625\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0646” (Enron):<\/h2>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/a> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2001 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629. \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

2. \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0645” (WorldCom):<\/h2>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2002 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0630\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Verizon \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

3. \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0630\u0631\u0632” (Lehman Brothers):<\/h2>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629. \u0638\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

4. \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0643\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0643” (Kodak):<\/h2>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

5. \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0646\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627” (Nokia):<\/h2>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0622\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0646\u062c. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0630\u062a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

6. \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a” (BlackBerry):<\/h2>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/a>. \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0622\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0646\u062c. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632<\/a> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

7. \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631” (Blockbuster):<\/h2>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

8. \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0632” (Bear Stearns):<\/h2>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0647.\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u064a\u0633.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

9. \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646” (Borden):<\/h2>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

10. \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 “\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0633” (Eircell):<\/h2>\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0630\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u06a4\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
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